Compared to his predecessors, who were often preoccupied with issues in the northern territories of the country, Naser al-Din Shah Qajar paid greater attention to the Persian Gulf. A consequence of this focus was the exploitation of the Persian Gulf's position by European countries, particularly Great Britain. To manage these conditions, Naser al-Din Shah undertook measures that included establishing a naval force and strengthening trade and the economy in the Persian Gulf, which provoked a strong reaction from European powers stationed in the region, such as Britain. Concurrently, border disputes between Iran and the Ottoman Empire over the maritime boundary of the Port of Basra persisted, and steps were taken to resolve these conflicts. The machinations of Western countries, led by Great Britain and also Russia, for whom the ports of the Persian Gulf, including Basra, were of great importance, created significant obstacles in this path. Utilizing a historical research method based on the study of unpublished archival documents from the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Archive of the National Library and Archives of Iran, this article examines the political and economic developments of the Port of Basra and their impact on the political and economic situation of the Persian Gulf during the Naserian era. It seeks to answer how these developments in the Port of Basra affected the overall situation in the Persian Gulf. The results of this study confirm the reality that the presence of foreign powers, such as Britain and Russia, had a substantial influence on the political and economic conditions of the Persian Gulf.