Following the decline of the power of the Afsharid Empire, remote areas such as the Caucasus, whose control and protection were more difficult, faced numerous disruptions. In such circumstances, Zandieh's government became a new successor to power. Karim Khan Zand and the successors after him tried to create an era of authority and glory for Nader Shah Afshar, but their interrupted efforts were not fruitful. Based on the descriptive-analytical method and based on library studies, this research tries to examine how the Caucasian political and economic conditions influenced the time of the Zandieh Dynasty. The results show that the Zandiyeh government not only could not return to the glory era of Nader Shah Afshar, but the Caucasus was one of the first areas to show separate tendencies, which stemmed from ethnic and religious differences and weakness of central government led to the intensification of it. Following such conditions, the Caucasus community suffered a political and economic crisis and an unstable situation with a declining trend. The process was the result of the political weakness of the Zandieh government's power structure in the remote areas of the territory of Iran.