The cultural and political relations between Iran and India can be analyzed in different periods with different indicators. The extent of this relation in terms of time and content requires checking the depth of this relation and its effects by determining its indicators. The first and second translation movements in the Sassanid era and then in the Abbasid caliphate period are two cultural events from which the cultural and political approach of the Sassanid kings and the Abbasid caliphs can be analyzed in relation to the land of India. Also, as the only famous work of Persian literature that somehow represents both mentioned periods, the book Kalilah and Dimnah can be an objective indicator of understanding the level of these relations. In the present research, firstly, the strategic goals of the Sassanids, especially Khosrow Anushirvan and Khosrow Parviz, and then the Abbasid caliphs, especially Mansur, Harun, and Ma'mun, of expanding relations with the land of India, and on the other hand, the achievements of Indians from the expansion of these relations have been explained. Then, as a symbolic aspect of these relations, the book Kalilah and Dimnah has been introduced, and it has been stated how this work in its historical course simultaneously carries the cultural and political view of the rulers of Iran towards India in two time periods before the conquest of Iran by Muslim Arabs and after it.