Abstract:

After Nader Shah's victory over Muhammad Shah in 1151 AH, Nader and his troops entered Delhi. Although the situation in this city remained calm until one day after their arrival, in the last hours of the 11th of Dhuʻl-Hijjah, a rebellion suddenly broke out which quickly spread. As Nader’s efforts to calm the situation failed, ordered the massacre of the rebels. The purpose of this study is to investigate this important event using historical sources, with a descriptive-analytical approach in order to find out the factors of rebellion, Nader's policy in dealing with it, and the role of Indian statesmen in either causing or preventing this event. The findings of this research indicate that Nader's surprise, the inability of the ruling body of Delhi to control the situation, Nader's decisiveness and severity in facing rebellion, and the distance between India and Iran, were important factors that led to the issuance of the Nader 's order that. in the midst of it, many ordinary people, lost their lives, and heavy financial and psychological damages were inflicted on both Iranian and Indian sides.

Keywords: Delhi rebellion, Nader Shah Afshar, Muhammad Shah, Iran, India.