Foreign Relations History

Foreign Relations History

The Tartar nation: From the Golden Horde to Volga-Ural

Document Type : Scientific - research article

Authors
Bahram Navazeni 1
Morteza Navazeni 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Imam Khomeini International University
2 Information technology expert at Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Branch
Abstract
One of the features of the Central Asia is its enjoyment of the existence of a variety of ethnos, mutually and widely affecting one another in the course of history. These ethnos would every now and then turn to skirmishes due to their ethnic differences or disagreements. To acquire and get hold of power, they drove not only the political life of the desert dwellers of their own territory but also the neighboring countries civilization towards dismemberment and collapse. From among these ethnos, Tartars were the remnants of Turk and particularly Qipchaq tribes who had formed a major portion of the Mongol army, extending their empire in the early 13th century, from the east of the globe to the west through dispatching troops and domination over the entire Central Asia. Besides Iran and China, they had seized Russia and had therefrom subjected Europe to their invasions.
 The present-day Russia constituted the center of western part of the Mongolian Empire widely known as Golden Horde. Subsequent to the wane of Mongolian Empire, and even Ghazan Khanate and its submission to the Russians, the Tartars underwent severe frustration and ups and downs but never forbore from upholding their ties and identity elements. They made a diligent endeavor for restoration of their former grandeur and their Volga-Ural identity. They also endeavored for creation of solidarity and association with the Tartars residing in Siberia and Eastern Europe. The main question raised in the current article is that if the Tartars have the characteristics of a nation, is their geographical territory from Golden Horde and how do they think of a broader territory called Volga-Ural. This article while tracing back Tartars to their roots and historical backgrounds, and looking into their relations with their neighbors including  Iranian Ilkhanates , this question has been addressed that what role the mentioned background and demographic structure as well as Tartars ethno dispersion in Russia and outside Russia, has played in the future of the region.
Keywords
: Tartar
Mongol Empire
Volga-Urals
Golden Horde
national identity
ethic identity
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  • Receive Date 25 April 2011
  • Revise Date 13 March 2019
  • Accept Date 20 August 2011