فصلنامه تاریخ روابط خارجی

فصلنامه تاریخ روابط خارجی

زمینه‌ها و عوامل حمله متفقین به ایران در سال 1941 م.

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دکترای اقتصاد بین‌الملل از دانشگاه ایالتی سن پترزبورگ
2 دانش آموخته دکتری ایران اسلامی از دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
چکیده
طی 65 سال گذشته، مورخان اروپایی،آمریکایی و روس کوشیده‌اند علل حملة قوای متفقین در 25 اوت 1941 به ایران را بررسی کنند. محدودیت در دسترسی به اسناد رسمی، مدت‌ها مانعی بر سر راه پژوهش در این باره بوده است، اما از هنگامی که بریتانیا و روسیه اسناد مربوط به حوادث 1941م. را به تدریج از طبقه‌بندی محرمانه خارج کرده‌اند‏‏، انبوهی مطلب پیرامون این موضوع منتشر شده است. با این همه، مورخان معاصر کلیت موضوع را درک نکرده‌اند و بیشتر بر علل حمله تمرکز داشته و حتی در این باب راه اغراق نیز پیموده‌اند. در این مقاله، رایج‌ترین عللی را که مورخان برای اشغال ایران پذیرفته‌اند، تحلیل می‌کنیم و می‌کوشیم به مهم‌ترین علّت حملة‌ متفقین به ایران برسیم. در پژوهش حاضر به منابع اولیه و ثانویة روسی که برای خوانندگان انگلیسی زبان کمتر شناخته‌ شده‌اند، توجه خاصی داشته‌ایم. اسناد مربوط به اشغال ایران در سال 1941م. شامل اطلاعات مهمی است که پژوهشگر می‌تواند از آن طریق، زاویه‌ای نو به حوادث مربوط به این دوران بگشاید.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The Pretext and Reasons for the Allied Invasion of Iran in 1941

نویسندگان English

Nikolay A. Kozhanov 1
Marjan Borhani 2
1 PhD in International Economics from St. Petersburg State University
2 Phd in Islamic Iranian History from Shahid Beheshti Unviersity
چکیده English

 
During the last 65 years, European, American and Russian historians have often tried to study the reasons which led to the Allied invasion of Iran on 25 August 1941. For a long period, the main obstacle was the limited access to official documentary sources. GRadually, British and Russian archives started to declassify their documents concerning the events of August 1941. That, in turn, caused a new wave of publications on this topic. Unfortunately, even with newly available sources, modern researchers, were frequently unable to grasp the whole picture, emphasizing only one reason for the invasion or even exaggerating its importance. This paper attempts to analyze the most common explanations of the reasons for the occupation of Iran offered by different historians and try to find out which of these causes impelled the Allies to invade Iran. The reseach paid special attention to existing Russian primary and seconday sources on the issue which are less well known to English readers. Important informations found in them allows events related to the Allied occupation of Iran in 1941 to be described from a relatively new angle.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Iran
Allies
Invasions
Pretexts and Reasons
 
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