نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Following the October 1917 Revolution, the Bolsheviks, under the banner of supporting anti-colonial movements, initially adopted a policy of granting concessions to Iran. However, as they consolidated power in Moscow, their approach shifted towards direct military intervention in northern Iran. This strategic turn, which coincided with the weakening of the Jangal Movement, revealed the dual nature of Bolshevik foreign policy and had profound consequences for political and social developments in Iran. Due to its strategic location, the Gilan region became a central arena for Russo-British rivalry. Primary sources indicate that the Bolsheviks initially used the Jangal Movement to weaken the central government and British influence, but they ceased their support upon signing the Russo-Persian Treaty of Friendship in 1921. The objective of this research is to analyze the causes and consequences of Moscow's policy shift towards Iran, focusing on the military intervention in Gilan and the engagement with the Jangal Movement. The main question is why and how the Bolsheviks distanced themselves from their initial ideological policies and resorted to direct military intervention. The research methodology is based on the historical analysis of archival documents, primary sources, and credible secondary research. This research demonstrates how Moscow, by instrumentally using the Communist Party of Iran and the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, sought to reduce the costs of intervention in Iran while simultaneously securing access to Iran's economic resources through the 1921 treaty.
کلیدواژهها English
